Neuropeptide B is a short biologically active peptide whose precursor in humans is encoded by the NBP gene. Neuropeptide B acts via two G protein-coupled receptors, neuropeptide B/W receptors, called NPBW1 and NPBW2 encoded by the genes NPBWR1 and NPBWR2, respectively. Neuropeptide B is thought to be associated with the regulation of feeding, neuroendocrine system, memory, learning and in the afferent pain pathway.
Function
The functions of neuropeptide B mirror the functions of the closely related
neuropeptide W in many respects, as they bind to the same receptor targets but differ mainly in their levels of expression in different tissues, and when and how they are released. However, while neuropeptide W binds to both NPBW1 and NPBW2 with similar affinity, neuropeptide B is relatively selective for NPBW1 and binds only weakly to NPBW2. Central actions of neuropeptide B include regulation of appetite and energy homeostasis, reproductive behavior, pain, anxiety, and emotions. Peripheral actions include regulating secretion of adrenal hormones, and various regulatory roles in pancreatic beta cells and adipose tissue.
See also
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